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Research and development of silk glue protein extraction for use as raw materials in commercial cosmetic production for community enterprises |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Creator | Siwakorn Ratanapakorn |
| Title | Research and development of silk glue protein extraction for use as raw materials in commercial cosmetic production for community enterprises |
| Contributor | Jringjai Areemit, Pimonrat Methintharangsun, Nattawadee Kanpipit, Suthasinee Thapphasaraphong |
| Publisher | Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU |
| Publication Year | 2568 |
| Journal Title | Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Journal Vol. | 21 |
| Journal No. | 1 |
| Page no. | 78-92 |
| Keyword | Extraction, Sericin Protein, Antioxidant, Antityrosinase, Cosmetic |
| URL Website | https://tci-thaijo.org/index.php/IJPS |
| Website title | Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IJPS |
| ISSN | 19050852 |
| Abstract | The community enterprise engaged in mulberry cultivation and silkworm farming repurposes wastewater from the degumming process of handcrafted silk, using high heat and pressure from a pressure cooker, as a raw material for cosmetic production to enhance its value. This method has no clear evidence regarding the quality and standards of the production process, as well as the quantity and properties of silk glue protein. Additionally, cosmetic product registration regulations do not allow claims that the extract contains silk glue protein, leading to a loss of economic competitiveness. Therefore, determining the optimal extraction conditions using a pressure cooker to obtain silk glue protein with consistent quantity and quality in every production cycle, as well as studying its physicochemical properties and biological activities, will add value to this biowaste material. This, in turn, can enhance its commercial potential, increase the economic value of local raw materials, and strengthen Thailand's local economy by improving its competitiveness. Objectives: To determine the optimal conditions for extracting silk glue protein using a pressure cooker for the community enterprise to achieve consistent quantity and quality in each production cycle, including investigate the physicochemical properties, including protein content and molecular weight, as well as the biological activities, such as antioxidant and antityrosinase activity, of the extracted silk glue protein under optimized conditions compared to conventional extraction methods. Methods: Silk glue protein was extracted using a pressure cooker following the community enterprise's method. Thai hybrid silks, including Luep, Noi, and Laeng varieties of Saraburi Yellow (J108 ? Nang Lai), were boiled in clean water using a 5-liter pressure cooker at a silk-to-water ratio of 1:2. The heating was performed using an induction cooker with a power range of 1,8002,000 W for 30 minutes. The silk extract was then dried using both spray drying and freeze-drying methods. Protein content, molecular weight, antioxidant activity, and antityrosinase activity were analyzed. The silk variety that exhibited the best results was then used for silk extraction with a 7-liter pressure cooker under controlled conditions with a constant power of 1,600 W for 30 minutes. The extract was then spray-dried and analyzed for the same properties to compare the characteristics of the silk extracts obtained from both methods in liquid and dried forms. Based on the above information, it can be concluded that extracting silk glue protein using a pressure cooker under optimal extraction conditions results in a comparable quantity, quality, and biological activity of the silk glue protein. This extraction method is simple, non-complex, and low-cost, making it suitable for community enterprises. It can serve as a guideline for further developing income-generating opportunities for mulberry farmers and silk producers. Results: The silk extracts in both liquid and dried forms from Luep, Noi, and Laeng silk varieties, obtained through the community enterprise's pressure cooking method, revealed that Luep silk had the highest protein content in both liquid and dried forms (7,187.78 ? 83.89 ?g/ml and 276.00 ? 23.64 mg/g, respectively). The percentage yield of dried extract obtained from Luep silk liquid was the highest for both spray-drying and freeze-drying methods (1.76% and 2.21%, respectively). The antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of both liquid and dried Luep silk extracts were the highest. The IC50 values for antioxidant activity (spray-dried: 8.79 ? 0.33 mg/g; freeze-dried: 8.75 ? 0.13 mg/g) and antityrosinase activity (spray-dried: 7.23 ? 0.04 mg/g; freeze-dried: 7.46 ? 0.42 mg/g) of dried Luep silk extracts obtained from both drying methods showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The molecular weight of the extracted proteins ranged from 25 to 250 kDa. However, the convenitional pressure cooking method used by the community enterprise resulted in liquid overflow from the pressure cooker, leading to inconsistent extract yields in each batch. When compared to the newly optimized extraction method, the extract yield and protein content from the new method were more consistent across batches. Additionally, the protein content in the liquid extract of all four Luep silk samples obtained using the new method was significantly higher than that of the conventional method. However, the protein content in the dried extracts of the four Luep silk samples did not differ significantly between the two methods. The antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of the dried Luep silk extract were significantly enhanced in the new method, while the protein molecular weight range remained similar to that of the conventional method. |
