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In vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of palm kernel meal protein hydrolysate |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Title | In vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of palm kernel meal protein hydrolysate |
| Creator | Kavisara Surangkulwattana |
| Contributor | Ratchaneewan Aunpad, Advisor |
| Publisher | Thammasat University |
| Publication Year | 2564 |
| Keyword | Palm kernel meal, Protein hydrolysate, Antioxidant activity, Cytoprotective effect, Peptide, Palm kernel meal |
| Abstract | The reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces an oxidative stress which contributes to series of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and carcinogenesis. Moreover, ROS could cause damage to cells and DNAs as they oxidize and modify some intracellular components and influence on mitochondria by damaging its membrane integrity and membrane potential. Antioxidant compounds play a key role in fighting against oxidative stress and could protect the cells against free radicals and inhibit the oxidation. There has been a major interest in searching for natural, efficient, and nontoxic antioxidants to replace the widely used chemical compounds such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PG), and tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ). Protein hydrolysate serves as a valuable source of bioactivity as it consists of complex mixtures of peptides and free amino acids exerting several biological activities such as antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and cytoprotective activity. In the palm oil industry, palm kernel meal (PKM) is a main by-product and there were around million tons of palm kernel meal produced each year in Thailand. It contains a high amount of protein (16 -18%) which could be serve as a source of protein hydrolysate. In this study, protein from palm kernel meal was isolated and hydrolyzed with alcalase enzyme to obtain palm kernel meal protein hydrolysate (PKMPH). The antioxidant activity of PKMPH was evaluated in vitro using DPPH and ABTS assay. The results showed that PKMPH at hydrolysis time of 60 minutes had a strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 5.73±0.23 and 7.84±0.89 μg/mL as determined by DPPH and ABTS assay, respectively. At concentration less than or equal to 125 μg/mL, PKMPH showed low toxicity toward L929 mouse fibroblast cell. Furthermore, its cytoprotective effect on H2O2 oxidative damaged L929 cells were determined. Results revealed that PKMPH at concentrations ranging from 500-0.97 μg/mL could protect L929 cells from oxidative damage. Thereafter, the bioactive peptide exerting antioxidant activity was separated by Fast protein liquid chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. Results demonstrated nine peptide sequences with molecular weights ranging from 1084 and 1291 Da and composed of hydrophobic and negatively charged amino acids. In conclusion, PKMPH or antioxidant peptide from palm kernel meal might be exploited as functional feed for animal in the future. |
