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Prevalence and genetic variation of Feline Parvovirus (FPV) infection in the central and eastern regions of Thailand |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Creator | Somchai Sompaisarnsilp |
| Title | Prevalence and genetic variation of Feline Parvovirus (FPV) infection in the central and eastern regions of Thailand |
| Contributor | Sirilak Mesuwan, Tippawan Jantafong, Pattama Mutthi |
| Publisher | Mahasarakham University |
| Publication Year | 2569 |
| Journal Title | Journal of Science and Technology Mahasarakham University |
| Journal Vol. | 45 |
| Journal No. | 3 |
| Page no. | 308-318 |
| Keyword | Feline Parvovirus, Feline distemper, Canine Parvovirus type 2, VP2 gene, genetic variation |
| URL Website | https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/scimsujournal |
| Website title | Journal of Science and Technology Mahasarakham University |
| ISSN | 1686-9664 (Print), 2586-9795(Online) |
| Abstract | Feline Parvovirus (FPV) causes severe bloody diarrhea and feline enteritis, with a relatively high mortality rate, especially in unvaccinated kittens. Additionally, previous studies have indicated that cats are susceptible to infection by both FPV and Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV-2). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FPV, also known as feline distemper or feline panleukopenia, in the central and eastern regions of Thailand. Cat sample collection was conducted from November 2022 to April 2024, spanning a total period of 1.5 years, to investigate the prevalence of the disease and analyze the genetic variation of FPV. The findings revealed that the prevalence of FPV infection was 14.29%. The highest prevalence was observed in November, December, January, and February, which correspond to the winter season. In contrast, some cases were detected during the rainy season, while the lowest prevalence was recorded during the summer. These findings align with the natural infection patterns and past transmission trends of the virus. The correlation analysis using Spearman's rank correlation method indicated a strong relationship between gastrointestinal illness in cats and feline enteritis caused by FPV. The correlation coefficient was 0.84 at a significance level of p <= 0.05. In addition, a comparative evaluation of diagnostic methods for FPV was conducted between a commercial rapid immunochromatographic test (IC Test) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of the VP2 gene of FPV/CPV-2. The sensitivity of the rapid IC test was 62.96% (17/27), while the positive predictive value (PPV), which is the proportion of true positive cases among all positive test results, was 65.38% (17/26). This indicated that the commercial rapid IC test detected 62.96% of positive cases, with a 65.38% accuracy rate compared to the gold standard PCR method. Moreover, the nucleotide sequence analysis of the VP2 gene in both FPV (236 bp) and CPV-2 (529 bp) revealed that all cases contained only FPV-specific genetic material. This suggested that at present, no genetic variation leading to cross-species transmission has occurred among the feline population in the central and eastern regions of Thailand. |
